Fig. 2

Signal transmission through AR is the main pathway for prostate cancer cell growth and spread. Therefore, regulating androgen receptors (ARs) in cells is the key to many cancer-related genes. Testosterone or dehydroepiandrosterone is converted to dehydroepiandrosterone by 5 α reductase. DHT then dissociates HSP and AR to form a complex, which is transferred to the nucleus and activates cancer-associated genes. Androgens and androgen receptors (AR) in cells regulate cancer-related genes. It is possible to control human androgen-related malignant tumors by targeting androgen signaling pathways in tumor cells with anti-androgen, 5-α reductase inhibitors, heat shock protein 90 inhibitors, androgen receptor agonists, and serotonin inhibitors