Table 2 Types of genetic polymorphisms (SNPs) in various drugs-related genes associated with the outcome of pharmacotherapy of prostate cancer patients

CYP17A1

Metabolism of androgen

rs6162

sSNP

10

Abiraterone acetate

[152]

rs743572

rSNP

[153]

CYP19A1

Metabolism of androgen

rs1870050

iSNP

15

Anastrozole, Letrozole

[154]

rs4775936

CYP1B1

Encodes drug metabolizing enzyme

rs1056836

cSNP

2

Docetaxel

[155]

HSD3B1

Metabolism of androgen

rs1047303

cSNP

1

Abiraterone acetate

[156]

rs1856888

gSNP

[142]

HSD17B2

Metabolism of androgen

rs4243229

iSNP

16

Enzalutamide

[152]

rs7201637

HSD17B3

Metabolism of androgen

rs2257157

iSNP

9

Abiraterone acetate

[152]

HSD17B4

Metabolism of androgen

rs7737181

iSNP

5

Abiraterone acetate

[145]

AKR1C3

Metabolism of androgen

rs12529

cSNP

10

Abiraterone acetate

[157]

ABCB1

Encodes protein act as drug excretion pump

rs2032582

cSNP

7

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[158]

rs1128503

rs1045642

ABCB11

encodes protein act as drug excretion pump

rs7602171

iSNP

2

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[159]

ABCG2

encodes protein act as drug excretion pump

rs2231142

cSNP

4

Docetaxel + Vinorelbine/Estramustine phosphate

[160]

SLCO1B3

Androgen transporter

rs4149117

cSNP

12

Docetaxel

[161]

SLCO2B1

Encodes protein act as androgen transporter

rs1077858

iSNP

11

Docetaxel

[162]

rs1789693

iSNP

[163]

rs12422149

cSNP

[164]

GNRH2

Related to the synthesis of androgen

rs6051545

cSNP

20

Abiraterone acetate

[165]

SHBG

Androgen-binding protein

rs6259

cSNP

17

Enzalutamide

[150]

AR

Steroid receptor

CAG repeat

Coding region

Xq11-12

Docetaxel

[166]

ATP7A

Copper level regulator

rs2227291

SNV

X

Cisplatin

[167]

ABCC6

Transporter protein

rs2238472

SNV

16

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[168]

ABCB4

MRP6

rs2302387

SNV

7

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[169]

ESR1

Steroid receptor

rs1062577

rSNP

6

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[152, 170]

rs2234693

iSNP

rs9340799

NR3C2

Steroid receptor

rs5522

cSNP

4

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[165]

YB-1

Transcription factor

rs12030724

iSNP

1

Abiraterone

[171]

HIF1A

Transcription factor

rs11549465

cSNP

14

Docetaxel

[171]

ARRDC3

Target gene of AR

rs2939244

rSNP

5

Abiraterone

[149]

FLT1

Androgen-binding

rs9508016

rSNP

13

Enzalutamide

[149]

SKAP1

Protein steroid receptor

rs6054145

rSNP

20

Abiraterone acetate

[149]

FBXO32

Steroid receptor

rs7830622

rSNP

8

Abiraterone acetate

[67]

BNC2

Steroid RECEPTOR

rs16934641

rSNP

9

Abiraterone acetate

[149]

TACC2

Transcription

rs3763763

rSNP

10

Bicalutamide

[149]

ALPK1

Factor

rs2051778

rSNP

4

Enzalutamide

[172]

LSAMP

Transcription

rs13088089

rSNP

3

Abiraterone

[173]

CCL17

Transcription

rs13088089

rSNP

3

Leuprolide

[173]

ALPK1

Transcription factor

rs2051778

rSNP

4

Enzalutamide

[174]

LSAMP

Transcription

rs13088089

rSNP

3

Bicalutamide

[175]

NAT2

Xenobiotics detoxifier

rs1799931

SNV

8

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[176]

PSMD7

NFκB targeted gene

rs2387084

rSNP

16

Enzalutamide

[173]

PPAR-δ

Fatty acid uptake, transport and

β-oxidation

rs6922548

SNP

6

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[177]

rs2016520

[178]

rs1883322

[178]

rs3734254

[179]

rs7769719

[168]

rs4148943

[168]

MON1B

NFκB targeted gene

rs284924

rSNP

16

Abiraterone acetate

[67]

GSTM3

Antioxidant

rs7483

cSNP

1

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[180]

GSTP1

Antioxidant

rs1138272

cSNP

11

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[126]

CAT

Antioxidant

rs564250

gSNP

11

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[159]

CHST3

Development and maintenance of the skeleton

rs12418

SNV

10

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[160]

rs730720

rs4148950

rs1871450

rs4148945

SLC28A3

Nucleoside transporter

rs56350726

cSNP

9

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[161]

SLC5A6

Transporter

rs1395

cSNP

2

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[159]

SLC10A2

Sodium/bile acid Co-transporter

rs2301159

SNV

13

Leuprolide

[176]

SULT1C2

Encode Sulfotransferase 1C2 in humans

rs1402467

SNP

2

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[]

LRP2

Encode protein act as a transporter for Sterol and Steroid

rs6433107

iSNP

2

Abiraterone acetate

[182]

rs3944004

rs830994

rs3770613

rs831003

EGF

Growth factor

rs4444903

rSNP

4

Degarelix

[183]

IRS2

Growth factor

rs7986346

gSNP

13

Degarelix

[149]

TGFBR2

TGF-β signaling

rs3087465

iSNP

3

Abiraterone acetate

[184]

BMP5

TGF-β signaling

rs317027

gSNP

4

Abiraterone acetate

[172]

IL18

Cytokine

rs187238

rSNP

11

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[185]

APC

Wnt signaling

rs2707765

iSNP

5

Degarelix

[186]

rs497844

BGLAP

Metabolism of bone

rs1800247

rSNP

1

Estramustine phosphate

[187]

EDN1

Vasoconstrictor

rs1800541

iSNP

6

Enzalutamide

[188]

rs2070699

CASP3

Apoptosis

rs4862396

gSNP

4

Abiraterone acetate

[149]

TRMT11

Methyltransferase

rs1268121

iSNP

6

Estramustine phosphate

[189]

rs6900796

COMT

Methyltransferase

rs4680

cSNP

22

Estramustine phosphate

[190]

KIF3C

miRNA target site

rs6728684

rSNP

2

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[191]

IFI30

miRNA target site

rs1045747

rSNP

19

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[191]

CDON

miRNA target site

rs3737336

rSNP

11

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[192]

GABRA1

miRNA target site

rs998754

rSNP

5

Docetaxel + Thalidomide

[67]

PALLD

miRNA target site

rs1071738

rSNP

4

Abiraterone acetate

[191]

VEGFA

Angiogenesis

rs1570360

rSNP

6

Docetaxel, Celecoxib + Cyclophosphamide

[193]

SYT9

miRNA target site

rs4351800

rSNP

11

Abiraterone acetate

[194]

rs16901979,

gSNP

rs7931342