Fig. 1
From: Microbiome modulation in inflammatory diseases: Progress to microbiome genetic engineering
The continuous movement of gut bacteria-derived metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMA), tryptophan in human hosts from the intestinal mucosa to other extraintestinal sites. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites have a central role in the physiology and homeostasis of the body. They are implicated in the pathogenesis of complex inflammatory diseases such as diabetes and cancer