Fig. 2
From: Microbiome modulation in inflammatory diseases: Progress to microbiome genetic engineering
Schematic representation of microbiome dysregulation in inflammatory diseases. The host immune system plays an essential role in shaping the gut microbiota, and reciprocally, host-associated micro-organisms significantly influence the development and function of innate and adaptive immunity. It was found that a disrupted microbial community leads to the activation of an inflammatory response and is linked to various pathological conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and even cancer [52,53,54]