Table 1 Bacterial producents of vitamin K₂. c_min and c_max refer to the lowest and the highest concentration of VK₂ measured in supernatant obtained within a 4-day long measurement cycle. Each strain was tested in triplicate

Strictly anaerobic

Clostridium

perfringens

N = 3

0.03

0.79

difficile

N = 1

<LOD

<LOD

Bacteroides

stercoris

N = 1

<LOD

0.07

vulgatus

N = 2

0.03

0.05

Microaerophilic

Lactobacillus

plantarum

N = 7

0.49

4.6

rhamnosus

N = 7

0.36

2.5

acidophilius

N = 7

0.18

0.69

gasseri

N = 5

0.04

0.37

Bifidobacterium

dentium

N = 3

0.11

1.2

longum

N = 1

0.61

3.6

animalis

N = 1

<LOD

0.07

pseudocatenulatum

N = 1

0.07

0.17

adolescentis

N = 1

0.07

0.11

Aerobic

Escherichia

coli

N = 14

0.21

1.2

Klebsiella

pneumoniae

N = 3

0.13

0.28

oxytoca

N = 2

<LOD

<LOD

Enterobacter

cloacae

N = 7

<LOD

<LOD

Hafnia

alvei

N = 1

<LOD

<LOD

Pseudomonas

aeruginosa

N = 1

<LOD

<LOD

Staphylococcus

aureus

N = 7

<LOD

<LOD

haemolyticus

N = 1

0.01

0.13

epidermidis

N = 1

0.06

0.32

Enterococcus

fecalis/faecium

N = 8

0.16

1.4

Bacillus

subtilis Natto

(control strain)

N = 1

0.22

1.8

 N total = 86