Metal nanoparticles as a potential technique for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal cancer: a comprehensive review

Table 2 The studies employing MNPs for colorectal cancer treatment

Type of nanoparticles	Size	Major outcome	Targeting approach (Passive or Active)	Model ( In vivo, In vitro)	Type of cell line	Ref
gold	37 nm	Cytotoxic effect	Passive	In vitro	HCT-116	[121]
silver	23 nm	Cytotoxic effect	Passive	In vitro	HCT-116	[131]
gold	520 nm	drug delivery	Passive	In vitro	CT-116	[124]
gold	20–200 nm	The electroporation-GNPs method could create an opportunistic context for colon cancer therapy	Passive	In vitro	HT-29	[132]
gold	7.9 ± 1.7 nm	apoptotic activity	Passive	In vitro	HT-29 and Caco-2	[133]
Silver	31 ± 8 nm	apoptotic activity	Passive	In vitro	lines HT-29 and Caco-2	[133]
gold	20–30 nm	Anticarcinogenic effect	Passive	In vitro	HCT-116	[134]
gold	20–40-nm	antiproliferative and genotoxic effects	Passive	In vitro	HCT-15	[135]
gold	3–5 nm	Inhibition of colon cancer cell growth	Passive	In vitro	HT-29	[136]
gold	50 nm	increased apoptosis	Passive	In vitro	HT-29	[137]
gold	28 nm	effective treatment drug against a chronic inflammatory condition that progresses to malignancy	Passive	In vitro	HT29	[138]
gold	50 nm	induction of apoptosis	Passive	In vitro	HCT-116	[139]
gold		inhibit the tumor formation	Passive	In vitro	HCT-15	[140]
gold	36 nm	induced oxidative stress and apoptosis	Passive	In vitro	SW-480	[141]
gold		reducing the relative tumor volume	Passive	both	CT26	[142]
silver	< 100 nm	suppress the growth of cancer cells	Passive	In vitro	HCT116	[143]
silver	2–10 nm	Increase Cytotoxicity	Passive	In vitro	HCT116	[144]

ISSN: 1475-2867