Metal nanoparticles as a potential technique for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal cancer: a comprehensive review

Table 3 The studies employing MNPs for pancreatic cancer treatment

Type of nanoparticles	Size	Major outcome	Targeting approach (Passive or Active)	Model ( In vivo, In vitro)	Type of cell line	Ref
gold	20 nm	prevented migration and colony formation	Passive	In vitro	PANC-1, AsPC-1, MIA PaCa-2 and HPAF II	[146]
gold	430 nm	inhibits the tumour progression	Passive	In vitro	Panc-1	[153]
gold	4.5 nm	Uptake and excretion dependent on the cell line	Passive	In vitro	BxPC-3	[157]
gold	20 nm	inhibits the upregulation of stem cell markers	Passive	In vitro	PANC-1, AsPC-1, MIA PaCa-2, HPAFII	[158]
gold	630 nm		Passive	In vitro	Panc-1	[159]
gold	150 nm	Induce apoptosis	Passive	both	PANC-1, SW1990	[160]
gold	10–100 nm	Promoted the apoptosis	Active	both	PANC-1, BXPC-3, SW1990	[161]
gold	0.8 and 15 nm	cytotoxic effect	Passive	both	PANC-1	[162]
gold	10–100 nm	prevented viability and boosted apoptosis	Active	In vitro	PANC-1, BXPC-3, and SW1990	[155]
gold		inhibit desmoplasia and tumor growth	Active	both	PANC-1	[163]
gold	1–2 nm	increased efficacy of traditional chemotherapeutics.	Active	In vitro	PANC-1	[164]
gold	20 nm	Inhibits Tumor Growth	Passive	In vitro	PSCs	[145]
silver	2.6 and 18 nm	there was a greater cytotoxic effect on the PANC-1 cells than the non-cancerous cells	Passive	In vitro	PANC-1	[165]

ISSN: 1475-2867