Fig. 1

Effect and pathway of PD2 in inhibiting HCC cells A CCK-8 assay was used to analyze the inhibitory effect of PD2 on HCC cells and normal liver cells; B Flow cytometry for measuring the effects of PD2 on the apoptosis of HCC cells; C pGFP-LC3 plasmid was used to analyze whether PD2 induced autophagy in HCC cells; D Autophagosome formation was observed by electron microscope; E HCC cells were infected with mRFP-GFP-LC3 autophagic double-labeled adenovirus to analyze the formation of autophagolysosome in HCC cells; F Western blotting was used to analyze the changes in the expression of apoptosis and autophagy-related proteins in HCCLM3 cells. The scale bar equals 10 µm. ###P < 0.001; Compared with the control group, ***P < 0.001