Table 1 microRNA regulation of PD-1 in different cancer types
Cancer type | MicroRNA | Target | Mechanism |
|---|---|---|---|
Melanoma | miR-22, miR-24 | PD-1 | Negative correlation with plasma PD-1 levels in responders |
miR-1290 | Inverse correlation with CD3-negative, CD8-negative, and PD-1-positive cells | ||
miR-100-5p, miR-125b-5p | Upregulation linked to better results with anti-PD-1 therapy | ||
miR-21-3p | Over expressed by ATF3, increases anti-PD-1 immunotherapy effectiveness | ||
NSCLC | hsa-miR-320 | PD-1 | Upregulated associated with negative response to PD-1 inhibitors |
miR-125b-5p | Downregulated in positive responders to anti-PD-1 therapy | ||
miR-30a-5p | hsa_circ_0020714 influences the miR-30a-5p/SOX4 axis, leading to the promotion of immune evasion and resistance against anti-PD-1 therapy | ||
HCC | miR-497-5p | PD-1 | CircSOD2 functions as a sponge for miR-497-5p, thereby promoting immune evasion and resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy |
miR-15a-5p | Suppresses HCC proliferation, migration, and aggression, inhibits PD-1 expression | ||
GC | miR-940 | PD-1 | Regulates PD-1 checkpoint pathway, promotes cell migration |
TNBC | miR-185-5p | PD-1 | CircFGFR4 influences the miR-185-5p/CXCR4 axis, promotes immune evasion and resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy |
miR-149-3p | Downregulates T-cell inhibitor receptors (including PD-1) and T-cell exhaustion, enhances T-cell activation |