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Fig. 3 | Cancer Cell International

Fig. 3

From: The troglitazone derivative EP13 disrupts energy metabolism through respiratory chain complex I inhibition in breast cancer cells and potentiates the antiproliferative effect of glycolysis inhibitors

Fig. 3

EP13 inhibits complex I but not complexes II, III, and IV of the respiratory chain. Mitochondria isolated from mouse liver were incubated for 10 min with EP13 (6 μM). The rate of oxygen consumption was measured using XFe24 Seahorse. a Addition of glutamate (Glu, 10 mM); malate (Mal, 10 mM) and pyruvate (Pyr, 10 mM) allowed the complex I activity; b Addition of rotenone (Rot, 2 µM) and succinate (10 mM) enabled the inhibition of the complex I and the functioning of the complex II, respectively; c Addition of TMPD (N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine; 100 µM) and ascorbate (Asc, 10 mM) permitted the complex IV activity. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP, 5 mM) was used to stimulate oxidative phosphorylation. Antimycin A (AA, 4 µM) was used as a complex III inhibitor. Potassium cyanide (KCN) was used to block mitochondrial respiration. Data are the mean ± S.D. (at least n = 3 wells per group) (*, p < 0.05)

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Cancer Cell International

ISSN: 1475-2867

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